Cov ntaub so ntswg qhov mos, qhov nqus tau, thiab kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv feem ntau yog txiav txim siab ua ntej nws mus txog rau hauv lub tshuab rewinder. Rau cov neeg yuav khoom, lo lus nug tiag tiag tsis yog tsuas yog seb lub yob puas yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo pulp tshiab, tab sis seb cov ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus neeg muag khoom puas ua pov thawj tias nws tuaj yeem khiav tau zoo thiab ua tau raws li tus qauv lag luam.Cov ntaub ntawv txog cov fiber, GSM, qhov ci, dej noo, qhov ntev ntawm cov yob, kev nqus tau, thiab lub zogtxhua yam cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig, lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom tiav lawm. Phau ntawv qhia no piav qhia txog yam uas cov pab pawg neeg yuav khoom thiab cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum txheeb xyuas hauv daim ntawv qhia txog cov ntaub so ntswg, yuav ua li cas txhais cov lej tseem ceeb xws li 12–42 GSM thiab 4%–7% dej noo, thiab cov teeb meem twg tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev hloov pauv.
Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb kom paub meej
Thaum muab ib qho kev pabcuamcov ntaub so ntswg ntoo pulp tshiab, kev txheeb xyuas cov lus qhia tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv tsis muaj teeb meem. Cov yob loj no ua lub hauv paus raukev tsim cov ntaub so ntswgTxawm hais tias ib lub chaw tsim cov ntaub so ntsej muag zoo nkauj lossis cov khoom siv so hauv kev lag luam, cov khoom siv nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw txiav txim siab qhov zoo kawg. Cov pab pawg yuav khoom yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov ntsuas tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntawv qhia ntawm cov neeg muag khoom ua ntej muab daim ntawv xaj yuav khoom.
Cov ntsiab lus fiber, qhov ci ntsa iab, thiab GSM
Qhov ntsuas thawj zaug uas yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas ntawm txhua daim ntawv qhia txog tus neeg muag khoom yog cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov ntaub so ntswg zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntoo tawv thiab cov ntoo mos mos. Qhov piv zoo tshaj plaws txawv ntawm kev siv kawg: cov ntoo mos mos muab lub zog tensile tseem ceeb uas xav tau rau kev khiav tshuab thiabcov phuam tes hnyav, thaum cov ntoo tawv ntoo ua rau muaj qhov mos thiab loj zoo tagnrho rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsej muag. Nrog rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum ntsuas qhov hnyav, uas feem ntau yog txij li 12 txog 42 GSM nyob ntawm seb daim ntawv thov puas yog acov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsej muag uas mos moslos yog daim ntaub so hnyav.
Qhov kaj yog lwm yam tseem ceeb rau kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv kev lag luam khoom kim heev thiab kev tos txais qhua. Cov ntawv qhia hauv chaw kuaj mob rau cov qib bleached virgin yuav tsum lees paub qib ISO ci ntsa iab ntawm 86% thiab 90%. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov pulp virgin tsis tau bleached feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam thiab kev pabcuam zaub mov, uas muaj cov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm qhov muag. Yog tias ib qho chaw yog sourcingkev cai niam txiv yob, xyuas kom meej tias cov kev ntsuas kho qhov muag no yog qhov tseeb yuav tswj tau qhov zoo li xav tau hauv cov khoom tiav.
Cov pab pawg yuav khoom kuj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov dej noo uas tau xa tuaj. Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab, ib qhodaim ntawv pov thawj niam txiv them nqiyuav tsum tswj kom muaj qhov dej noo ntawm 4% txog 7%. Cov dej noo siab tshaj 7% tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los, thaum cov dej noo qis dua 4% ua rau daim ntawv tawg, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub thaiv thaum lub sijhawm txiav lossis embossing.
Qhov Dav Dav, Txoj Kab Uas Hlais, thiab Qhov Loj Ntawm Lub Hauv Paus
Qhov loj ntawm lub cev qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub tshuab hauv pem teb thiab cuam tshuam rau kev xa khoom. Cov yob niam txiv tuaj yeem tsim nrog qhov loj me heev - xws li qhov dav txog li 5,520 hli - tab sis cov no sawv cev rau qhov muaj peev xwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab es tsis yog qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau yuav tsum qhia meej txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom haum rau lawv cov unwinders tshwj xeeb. Qhov loj me ntawm 1,000 txog 2,560 hli; thaum lub cheeb ntawm 1,150 hli feem ntau raug xaiv los ua kom qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov thawv xa khoom hauv dej hiav txwv, qhov loj me zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum phim cov khoom siv ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom.
Qhov loj ntawm lub plawv tseem ceeb heev. Txawm hais tias lub plawv 76 hli (3-nti) yog ib qho uas siv ntau, nws tsis yog siv tau rau txhua qhov chaw; ntau lub yob niam txiv siv lub plawv 150 hli lossis loj dua. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov loj ntawm lub plawv ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib haum xeeb nrog lub chaw ua haujlwm lub tshuab unwind thiab tswj kev nruj kom ruaj khov thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav. Lub sijhawm no, kev tiv thaiv kev thauj mus los nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem qhwv thiab kev tuav pov hwm kom zoo dua li qhov loj ntawm lub plawv nws tus kheej.
Dhau li ntawm qhov loj me, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov niam txiv dov. Cov khoom teev npe txheem suav nrog qhov xwm txheej ntawm ntug reel, qhov sib npaug ntawm lub caliper, thiab tsis muaj qhov wrinkles lossis qhov. Yuav tsum zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm lub plawv, vim tias lub plawv puas lawm tiv thaiv kev chucking kom raug. Cov qauv lub cev no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev rub tawm.
Kev Ua Tau Zoo thiab Kev Sib Piv Zoo
Tshaj li qhov ntsuas qhov ntev, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum soj ntsuam seb lub yob niam txiv ua haujlwm li cas ntawm cov kab hloov pauv ceev. Lub yob niam txiv ua haujlwm ua ib lub substrate semi-finished uas yuav tsum tau nyiaj dhau kev txiav, embossing, laminating, thiab perforating. Kev nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov fiber tshiab pab ua pov thawj nws xaiv dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tiav zoo nyob rau hauv kev nruj ntawm lub tshuab.
Kev Huv Si ntawm Fiber, Kev Nqus Tau, thiab Lub Zog
Cov ntoo pulp tshiab muab kev ua tau zoo dua qub, uas yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas siv cov kev xeem txheem xws li ISO 12625 series. Dua li ntawm kev hais txog tus qauv dav dav, cov neeg hloov pauv yuav tsum nrhiav cov ntsuas tshwj xeeb: ISO 12625-4 rau Kev Taw Qhia Tshuab (MD) thiab Kev Taw Qhia Hla (CD) lub zog tensile, ISO 12625-8 raulub sijhawm nqus dejthiab muaj peev xwm, thiab ISO 12625-3 rau qhov tuab, qhov loj, thiab qhov ntim tshwj xeeb. Qhov mos yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cais siv cov txheej txheem sim tshwj xeeb xws li EMTEC Tissue Softness Analyzer (TSA) lossis Handle-O-Meter. Cov yam no tseem ceeb heev thaum hloov pauvphuam tes niam txiv yob, qhov twg qhov nqus tau sai thiab lub cev ruaj khov yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tseem ceeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov khoom hloov pauv yuav tsum soj ntsuam cov plaub thiab cov hmoov av tsim tawm nrog rau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov sib txawv (CD). Cov hmoov av tsawg yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm qhov chaw hloov pauv huv si thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo, thaum qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm CD ua kom muaj kev sib txhuam sib xws thiab tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ntawm lub tshuab.
Kev Sib Pauv Ntawm Cov Qib Virgin thiab Lwm Qib
Txawm hais tias cov chaw yuav khoom yuav soj ntsuam cov qib rov ua dua tshiab kom txo cov nqi, qhov kev lag luam pauv ntawm kev tsim khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov ntoo pulp muaj cov qauv fiber sib xws uas txhais tau tias lub tshuab khiav tau zoo heev, ua rau muaj kev tawg web tsawg dua thiab txo lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntoo pulp feem ntau nqa tus nqi siab dua, txhais tau tias kev khiav thiab kev pov tseg tsuas yog tuav thaum qhov chaw kawg ntawm cov khoom thiab kev xa khoom tas mus li ua pov thawj tus nqi nkag siab dua.
| Feature | Nkauj xwb ntoo pulp | Cov Khoom Siv Rov Qab Siv Dua |
|---|---|---|
| Piav Qhia Txog Kev Poob Hloov Pauv* | ~1% – 3% | ~3% – 7% |
| ISO Qhov Ci | 86% - 90% (Xim dawb) | Feem ntau < 80% |
| Cov ntsiab lus noo noo | 4% – 7% | Hloov pauv tau ntau heev |
| Daim Ntawv Thov Zoo Tshaj Plaws | Zoo tshaj, Khoom noj khoom haus zoo, Kho mob | Kev Lag Luam, Kev Lag Luam |
*Ceeb Toom: Kev hloov pauv qhov poob yog cov piv txwv xwb; qhov pov tseg tiag tiag sib txawv ntau raws li lub tshuab mob, kev tswj qhov nruj, thiab cov ntawv qib tshwj xeeb.
Vim tias tus nqi ntawm cov ntawv xov paj tshiab hloov pauv raws li kev ua lag luam, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum xam cov ntim khoom sib npaug es tsis txhob xav tias cov ntawv xov paj tshiab ib txwm muab tus nqi tag nrho ntawm kev muaj (TCO) qis dua. Tus qauv TCO ruaj khov yuav tsum suav nrog qhov txo qis lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab thiab txo qis feem pua ntawm cov khib nyiab ntawm cov ntawv xov paj tshiab piv rau cov ntsuas ntawv xov paj tam sim no ntawm kev ua lag luam los txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm kev siv nyiaj.
Cov Kauj Ruam Txheeb Xyuas Tus Neeg Yuav Khoom thiab Kev Txiav Txim Siab
Kev tsim cov lus qhia tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo tsuas yog thawj theem ntawm kev yuav khoom xwb. Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov neeg muag khoom kom paub tseeb tias lawv ua tiav raws li cov lus qhia hauv lawv cov ntawv qhia hauv chav kuaj. Kev siv cov txheej txheem txheeb xyuas tus qauv tiv thaiv cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm cov khoom puas tsuaj kim heev.
Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Qauv thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv ntawm Tus Neeg Muag Khoom
Ua ntej yuav khoom siv rau kev lag luam, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum thov kom muaj daim ntawv qauv los sim lawv cov khoom siv hloov khoom.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb
- Paub meej tias qhov sib piv ntawm cov ntoo tawv thiab cov ntoo mos uas yog cov ntoo tshiab vim tias cov ntoo mos txhim kho lub zog tensile thaum cov ntoo tawv txhawb nqa qhov mos thiab qhov loj.
- Sib phim qhov hnyav ntawm 12 txog 42 GSM rau cov khoom lag luam, los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg lub ntsej muag sib dua mus rau cov phuam tes lossis cov ntaub so hnyav dua.
- Yuav tsum muaj cov dej noo ntawm 4% thiab 7% kom txo tau kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev thauj mus los, kev tawg yooj yim, thiab kev tawg ntawm cov ntaub thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv.
- Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov ci ntawm ISO yog 86% txog 90% rau cov khoom siv dawb uas siv rau hauv cov khoom zoo, cov khoom siv tos txais qhua, thiab cov khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom.
- Tshawb xyuas qhov dav ntawm cov yob, txoj kab uas hla, thiab qhov loj ntawm lub plawv piv rau koj cov khoom siv unwind, vim tias cov yob niam txiv yuav muaj txij li 1,000 txog 2,560 hli hauv txoj kab uas hla.
- Ua ntej lees txais, xyuas cov npoo ntawm lub reel, cov kab nrib pleb, cov qhov, qhov sib xws ntawm lub caliper, thiab cov hauv paus hniav kom tiv thaiv kev khiav tau zoo thiab cov khoom tiav zoo.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau
Cov ntaub ntawv fiber twg cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum nug ua ntej yuav cov ntaub so ntswg niam txiv?
Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum thov kom muaj cov khoom siv fiber ntau, suav nrog cov ntoo tawv thiab cov ntoo mos. Cov ntoo mos txhawb nqa lub zog tensile thiab kev khiav tau, thaum cov ntoo tawv txhim kho qhov mos thiab qhov loj rau cov ntaub so ntswg lossis cov khoom zoo.
GSM ntau npaum li cas rau cov ntawv yob niam txiv ntoo pulp uas yog nkauj xwb?
Qhov hnyav ib txwm yog txij li 12 txog 42 GSM, nyob ntawm cov khoom kawg. GSM qis dua haum rau cov ntaub so ntsej muag mos lossis cov ntaub so quav, thaum GSM siab dua yog qhov tsim nyog dua rau cov phuam tes thiab cov khoom siv so.
Vim li cas cov dej noo thiaj tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv qhia txog niam txiv?
Feem ntau cov dej noo yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4% thiab 7%. Yog tias ntau tshaj 7%, cov ntawv yob yuav lwj thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los; yog tias tsawg dua 4%, daim ntawv yuav tawg thiab ua rau cov ntaub tawg thaum lub sijhawm txiav, embossing, lossis rewinding.
Cov ntaub so ntswg uas tseem tsis tau ntxuav yuav tsum ci npaum li cas?
Rau cov ntaub so ntswg uas dawb huv, cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau yuav tsum paub tseeb tias qhov ci ntawm ISO yog li ntawm 86% txog 90%. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau kev muag khoom, kev tos txais qhua, ntaub so ntswg ntsej muag, thiab cov khoom siv tu cev zoo.
Yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov ntev ntawm cov yob twg rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv?
Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum paub meej tias qhov dav ntawm cov yob, txoj kab uas hla, thiab qhov loj ntawm lub plawv piv rau lawv cov tshuab unwinder. Txoj kab uas hla feem ntau yog txij li 1,000 txog 2,560 hli, thaum cov plawv yuav yog 76 hli, 150 hli, lossis loj dua nyob ntawm cov khoom siv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-13-2026