Kupfava kwechigadzirwa chetishu, kunyorova kwacho, uye kushanda kwacho zvinosarudzwa zvikuru chisati chasvika pachinhu chinodzoreredza. Kune vatengi, mubvunzo chaiwo hausi wekungoti roll yakagadzirwa nemuti wehuni, asi kuti mishumo yemutengesi inoratidza here kuti inogona kushanda zvakanaka uye kusangana nezvinodiwa nemusika.Kuumbwa kwefayibha, GSM, kupenya, hunyoro, saizi yemupumburu, kunyudzwa, uye data resimbazvese zvinopesvedzera goho, nguva yekushanda, uye kuenderana kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura zvinofanirwa kutariswa nemapoka ekutenga nehunyanzvi mupepa rezvinotsanangurwa zvepepa remachira, maitirwo ekududzira manhamba akakosha akadai se12–42 GSM uye 4%–7% hunyoro, uye kuti ndeapi zvikanganiso zvemuviri zvinogona kukanganisa kushandurwa.
Magadzirirwo Akakosha Ekusimbisa
Pakutsvaga apepa repurasitiki rehuni rakagadzirwa nepurasitiki, kusimbisa zvinodiwa zvepakutanga kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro ekushandura haana musono. Aya majumbo rolls anoshanda sehwaro hwekugadzirwa kwenyamaKunyangwe chivakwa ichi chinogadzira machira echiso emhando yepamusoro kana zvigadzirwa zvekupukuta zvemaindasitiri, chinhu chinoiswa muchikamu ichi ndicho chinosarudza mhando yekupedzisira. Mapoka ekutenga anofanira kuongorora zviyero zvakatarwa mumishumo yevatengesi vasati vapa odha yekutenga.
Zviri Mufayibha, Kupenya, uye GSM
Chiyero chekutanga chekuongorora pane chero mushumo wemutengesi ndechekuumbwa kwayo. Tishu yepamusoro-soro inoda musanganiswa wakanyatsorongeka we hardwood ne softwood virgin fibers. Chiyero chakakodzera chinosiyana zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwekupedzisira: softwood pulp inopa simba rekudhonza rinodiwa kuti muchina ushande zvakanaka uyematauro emaoko anorema, nepo huni dzakaoma dzichibatsira pakupfava uye kunaka kwechiso. Pamwe chete nekuumbwa kwefiber, vatengi vanofanira kuongorora huremu hwayo, hunowanzova pakati pe12 ne42 GSM zvichienderana nekuti kushandiswa kwayo kwakakodzera here.tishu yechiso yakapfavakana kupukuta kwakasimba.
Kupenya ndechimwe chinhu chakakosha pakukwezva vatengi mumisika yeumbozha uye yekugamuchira vaenzi. Mishumo yerabhoritari yemhando yebvudzi rakacheneswa inofanira kusimbisa mwero wekupenya kweISO uri pakati pe86% ne90%. Kusiyana neizvi, pulp isina kucheneswa inowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri chaiwo uye mumasevhisi ezvekudya, ayo ane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvemaziso. Kana nzvimbo iri kutsvaga zvigadzirwa.mipumburu yakagadzirwa nevabereki, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviyero izvi zve optical zvakarurama zvichachengetedza chitarisiko chaunoda muzvinhu zvakapedzwa.
Mapoka ekutenga zvinhu anofanirawo kuongorora hunyoro hwakapihwa. Sechinhu chakakosha, chinhu chinobatsira pakugadzira hunyoro.gwaro revabereki repamusoroinofanira kuchengetedza hunyoro hwe4% kusvika 7%. Hunyoro huri pamusoro pe7% hunogona kukonzera kuora panguva yekufambisa, nepo hunyoro huri pasi pe4% huchiita kuti bepa rive rakapfava, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekuputsika kwewebhu panguva yekuchekwa kana kupendwa.
Upamhi hweRoll, Dhayamita, uye Saizi yeCore
Zviyero zvemuviri zvinoratidza kuti michina inoenderana nefekitori uye zvinopesvedzera mafambiro ekutumira zvinhu. Maroro evabereki anogona kugadzirwa nehukuru hwakanyanya—sehupamhi hunosvika 5,520 mm—asi izvi zvinomiririra kugona kwemuchina pane hukuru hwemidziyo yakajairwa. Vatengi vanowanzo fanirwa kutsanangura zvinodiwa chaizvo zvehupamhi hwemitsetse zvinoenderana nemidziyo yavo chaiyo yekusunungura. Dhayamita yacho inotangira pa1,000 kusvika 2,560 mm; nepo dhayamita ye1,150 mm ichiwanzo sarudzwa kuti iwedzere nzvimbo mukati memakontena ekutakura zvinhu egungwa, hukuru hwakakodzera hunofanira kuenderana nezviyero zvemutengi.
Saizi yepakati inokoshawo. Kunyange hazvo core ye76 mm (3-inch) yakajairika, haisi yepasi rose; ma "parent rolls" mazhinji anoshandisa core ye150 mm kana yakakura. Kusimbisa saizi yepakati kunoita kuti ienderane nema "unfree chucks" enzvimbo uye kunoita kuti pave nekudzora kugadzikana panguva yekugadzirisa. Dziviriro yekufambisa, panguva imwe chete, inoenderana nekuputira kwakakodzera uye kubata mapuroteni pane saizi yepakati pachayo.
Kupfuura zviyero zvepakutanga, vatengi vanofanira kuongorora kana paine zvikanganiso zvakakomba kubva pakuberekwa kusvika pakubereka. Zvinhu zvakajairika zvinosanganisira mamiriro emadziro, kufanana kwemuchina (MD) caliper, uye kusavapo kwemakwinya kana maburi. Kupwanya kwepakati kunofanirawo kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya, sezvo pakati pakakuvara kunodzivirira kukwakuka kwakakodzera. Izvi zvinodiwa zvemuviri ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera kubudirira.
Kuenzanisa Kwekushanda uye Hunhu
Kupfuura miganhu yakatarwa, vatengi vanofanira kuongorora mashandiro anoita mutsetse weparent roll pamitsetse yekushandura inokurumidza. Mutsetse weparent roll unoshanda sechikamu chepasi chakapedzwa chinofanira kutsungirira kuchekwa, kupendwa, kupurwa, uye kuboorwa kwakasimba. Kunzwisisa mashandiro emuchina we virgin fiber kunobatsira kururamisa kusarudzwa kwayo pane zvimwe zvinhu uye kunoita kuti kugadziriswa kwacho kuve kwakavimbika pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemuchina.
Kuchena kweFiber, Kunyudzwa, uye Simba
Virgin wood pulp inopa mashandiro epamusoro emakanika, ayo anofanira kusimbiswa uchishandisa bvunzo dzakajairwa dzakadai seISO 12625 series. Pane kutaura nezve standard yacho zvakanyanya, converters vanofanira kutsvaga zviyero zvakananga: ISO 12625-4 yeMachine Direction (MD) uye Cross Direction (CD) tensile strength, ISO 12625-8 yenguva yekunwa mvurauye kugona, uye ISO 12625-3 yehukobvu, huwandu, uye huwandu hwakati. Kupfava kunofanirwa kuongororwa kwakasiyana uchishandisa nzira dzekuyedza dzakatsaurirwa senge EMTEC Tissue Softness Analyzer (TSA) kana Handle-O-Meter. Zvinhu izvi zvakakosha pakushanduratauro remaoko rinopfekwa nevabereki, uko kunyudzwa nekukurumidza uye kugara kwenguva refu kwemuviri zviri zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha.
Uyezve, ma converters anofanira kuongorora kugadzirwa kwe lint neguruva pamwe chete nekuenzana kwe cross-directional (CD) basis-weight profile. Guruva rakaderera rakakosha pakuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachena dzekushandura uye mhando yepamusoro yechigadzirwa chekupedzisira, nepo CD basis-weight profile yakafanana ichivimbisa kutenderera kwakasimba uye kudzivirira telescoping pamuchina.
Kuchinjana Pakati peVirgin neAlternative Grades
Kunyange hazvo madhipatimendi ekutenga achigona kuongorora magiredhi akadzokororwa kuti aderedze mitengo, kutengeserana kwekugadzira kwakakosha. Virgin wood pulp ine chimiro chakafanana chefiber chinoita kuti muchina ushande zvakanaka, zvichikonzera kuputsika kwewebhu shoma uye nguva shoma yekushanda. Zvisinei, virgin pulp inowanzo takura mutengo wakakosha, zvichireva kuti kuputsika uye kuraswa zvinongoshanda chete kana nzvimbo yekupedzisira yechigadzirwa uye kupfuudzwa kunoramba kuripo zvichitsigira mutengo wakakwira wekupinda.
| Chinhu | Pulp yeMhandara yeHuni | Pulp Yakadzokororwa |
|---|---|---|
| Kurasikirwa Kwekufananidzira Kwekushandura* | ~1% - 3% | ~3% - 7% |
| Kupenya kweISO | 86% – 90% (Yakacheneswa) | Kazhinji < 80% |
| Hunyoro | 4% - 7% | Inoshanduka-shanduka Zvikuru |
| Kushandiswa Kwakanakisisa | Yepamusoro, Yakachengeteka pakudya, Yekurapa | Hupfumi, Maindasitiri |
*Cherechedza: Kurasikirwa kwekushandura inzira dzinoratidza; marara chaiwo anosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nemamiriro emuchina, kudzora kusimba kwesimba, uye mamakisi chaiwo epepa.
Nekuti mutengo wepamusoro we pulp unochinja-chinja zvichienderana nemamiriro emusika, vatengi vanofanira kuverenga huwandu hwe break-even pane kufunga kuti virgin fiber inogara ichipa mutengo wakaderera wekuva muridzi (TCO). Modhi yakasimba yeTCO inofanira kutarisa kudzikira kwekushanda kwemuchina uye kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemarara e virgin rolls zvichienderana ne market pulp indices kuti vaone kuti mutengo unoshanda sei.
Matanho Ekusimbisa Mutengi uye Sarudzo
Kugadzira zvirevo zvekutanga uye zviyero zvekushanda kwechinhu ndicho chikamu chekutanga chekutenga. Vatengi vanofanirwa kunyatsoongorora vatengesi kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti vanobudirira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa mumishumo yavo yerabhoritari. Kuita maitiro ekuongorora akajairika kunodzivirira ketani yekugovera kubva mukukanganisa kunodhura.
Ongororo yemuenzaniso uye Magwaro eVatengesi
Vasati vabvuma kutenga zvinhu zvekutengesa, vatengi vanofanira kukumbira muenzaniso weroli kuti vaedze michina yavo yekushandura.
Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva
- Simbisa chiyero che hardwood ne softwood virgin fiber nekuti softwood inowedzera simba rekusimba ukuwo hardwood ichitsigira kupfava uye kukura.
- Enzanisa huremu hwe12 kusvika 42 GSM nechinhu chaunoda kushandisa, kubva paganda rechiso rakareruka kusvika kumatauro emaoko kana machira anorema.
- Zvinoda hunyoro huri pakati pe4% ne7% kuderedza kuora kwemafambiro, kuputsika, uye kuputika kwewebhu panguva yekushandura.
- Simbisa kupenya kweISO kwe86% kusvika 90% kune bleached virgin grades inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, zvekugamuchira vaenzi, uye zvetishu zvinotarisana nevatengi.
- Tarisa upamhi hwemupumburu, dhayamita, uye saizi yepakati uchienzanisa nemidziyo yako yekusunungura, sezvo mipumburu yekutanga inogona kuva nedhayamita kubva pa1,000 kusvika 2,560 mm.
- Ongorora mipendero yereel, makwinya, maburi, kusimba kwecaliper, uye kupwanya kwepakati usati wagamuchira kuti uchengetedze kumhanya kwemuchina uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa chapera.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinofanira kukumbirwa nevatengi vasati vatenga machira epurasitiki?
Vatengi vanofanira kukumbira musanganiswa wefiber wakachena, kusanganisira hardwood ne softwood ratio. Softwood inotsigira simba rekusimba uye kumhanya, nepo hardwood ichivandudza kupfava uye kukura kwenyama yechiso kana zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro.
Ndeipi mhando yeGSM inowanikwa kune virgin wood pulp tissue parent rolls?
Huremu hwechinyakare hunobva pa12 kusvika 42 GSM, zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. GSM yakaderera inokodzera jira rakapfava rechiso kana rechimbuzi, nepo GSM yakakwirira inokodzera matauro emaoko nezvinhu zvekupukuta.
Sei hunyoro hwakakosha mumushumo wevabereki?
Mwando unowanzo gara uri pakati pe4% ne7%. Pamusoro pe7%, mipumburu inogona kuora panguva yekufambisa; pasi pe4%, pepa rinogona kupwanyika uye kukonzera kuputika kwewebhu panguva yekuchekwa, kupendwa, kana kudzoserwa kumashure.
Ma bleached virgin tissue rolls anofanira kusvika padanho ripi rekupenya?
Kune zvidimbu zve bleached virgin tissue, vatengi vanofanirwa kusimbisa kupenya kwe ISO kweinenge 86% kusvika 90%. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru kuzvitoro, zvekugamuchira vaenzi, zvechiso, uye zvemhando yepamusoro zvehutsanana.
Ndezvipi zviyero zvemupumburu zvinofanira kuongororwa kuti zvienderane nekushandura?
Vatengi vanofanira kusimbisa upamhi hwemupumburu, dhayamita, uye saizi yepakati vachienzanisa nezvisungo zvavo. Dhayamita dzakajairika dzinotangira pa1,000 kusvika 2,560 mm, nepo macores anogona kuva 76 mm, 150 mm, kana kupfuura zvichienderana nemidziyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-13-2026