Ua hana au i ka ʻoihana hoʻokuʻu aku i ka pepa no nā makahiki he ʻumikumamāhā, a ʻo ka nīnau aʻu e lohe pinepine ai mai nā hui kūʻai hale paʻi ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole ia he "he aha kāu kumukūʻai." ʻO ia hoʻi, "hiki i kāu pepa ke holo ma kā mākou Heidelbergs me ka ʻole o kahi pōʻino makeready?" ʻAʻole kūʻai nā hale paʻi ʻEulopa i ka pepa e like me ke kūʻai ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku i ka pulp. Kūʻai lākou ma o kahi aniani hana paʻi - pono ka pepa e ola i kahi mīkini paʻi pūnaewele 60,000-rpm me ka ʻole o ka haehae ʻana i ka pelu, a laila e noho ma lalo o nā pā 400-laina-pale ma kahi perfector pepa-hānai no ka ʻāpana uhi o ka holo paʻi like. Hana wau ma Ningbo Bincheng Packaging Materials Co., Ltd., a i nā makahiki he nui ua hoʻouna wau i nā mea kūikawā.nā huahana pepa offset i uhi ʻia i nā papa paʻi a me ka hoʻopuka ʻanai nā mea paʻi ma Kelemania, UK, Palani, a me Netherlands. ʻO nā hoʻoholo koho a kēlā mau mea paʻi e hana ai e hahai i kahi loina i kūikawā i kēlā me kēia hana. Ke hele nei kēia ʻatikala ma o ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona hana maoli aʻu i kūkākūkā pilikino ai me nā mea kūʻai paʻi ʻEulopa, e hōʻike ana kēlā me kēia i kahi ala koho pepa ʻokoʻa ma o ka māhele offset i uhi ʻia.

Hanana ʻEkahi: ʻO ka Puke Kiʻi Paʻa Paʻa Kelemania — No ke aha i ʻoi aku ai ka Offset i uhi ʻia ma mua o ka Offset kūlohelohe no kahi holo ʻehā kala me ke kala ʻehā 320-ʻaoʻao

I ka makahiki i hala, ua kāhea mai kekahi mea kūʻai mai kahi hale paʻi kiʻi Kelemania waena iaʻu e ʻimi ana i ka pepa no kahi monograph kiʻi 320 ʻaoʻao. Ua hōʻike ka puke i 200 ʻaoʻao o nā papa ʻehā kala - nā kiʻi pena mai kahi hōʻiliʻili pilikino - me 80 ʻaoʻao o nā kiʻi duotone i paʻi ʻia ma ka waihona like. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao i koe he mea mua a me nā captions ma hoʻokahi kala. Ua kuhikuhi ka mea paʻi i kahi pepa 90 gsm a makemake ka mea hoʻopuka i kahi ʻili i uhi ʻia no ka hana kala akā he ʻano kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole i uhi ʻia no nā ʻāpana kikokikona. He hakakā kēia aʻu e ʻike pinepine ai: pono i ka pepa pepa like ke lawe i nā kala kiʻekiʻe a me nā kikokikona hiki ke heluhelu ʻia ma o ka pūlima like. ʻO ke koho maʻamau he pepa offset kūlohelohe 90 gsm - ke kūlana ʻoihana no ka paʻi puke ʻEulopa. Akā, ʻo kahi pepa offset kūlohelohe, me kona porosity kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa ʻīnika haʻahaʻa, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia nā papa duotone no ka loaʻa kiko o 18-22%, a ua nalowale nā ​​​​papa ʻehā kala i ke kikoʻī aka i makemake nui ʻia e ka luna hana o ka mea hoʻopuka. ʻO ke koho ʻē aʻe he offset i uhi ʻia he 90 gsm me kahi hoʻopau satin a me ka ʻōlinolino ISO o 88-90%. Hoʻopaʻa ka ʻili i uhi ʻia i ka ʻīnika ma luna o ka pepa ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana iā ia e komo i loko o ka fiber, no laila ua iho ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kiko ma nā duotones i 12-15%, a ua noho paʻa ke kikoʻī o ke aka i loko o nā papa ʻehā kala ma o ka laulā tonal piha. Ua ʻōlelo au i ka offset i uhi ʻia i ka satin ma kahi o 12% ʻoi aku ka nui ma kēlā me kēia tonne ma mua o ke koho offset kūlohelohe. Ua ʻae ka mea hoʻopuka - ʻaʻole no ka mea ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia ke kālā, akā no ka mea ʻo ka kikoʻī pepa he mea hoʻokomo pololei i ke kūlana kumukūʻai kūʻai o ka puke. Hiki i kahi puke kiʻi €65 ke komo i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai pepa ʻaʻole hiki i kahi puke moʻolelo €25. Hoʻohana pinepine wau i kēia hiʻohiʻona ke kamaʻilio wau me nā mea kūʻai aku ʻEulopa e pili ana i kā mākouka laulā pepa i uhi ʻia kūikawā, no ka mea, ua ʻoi aku ka haʻawina ma mua o nā puke kiʻi. ʻO kēlā me kēia puke e hoʻohui i ke kala hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe me ka heluhelu lōʻihi - nā papa inoa hale kiʻi, nā monographs hoʻolālā, nā kiʻi makahiki - ke kū nei i ka paio pepa like. Hoʻoponopono ka offset i uhi ʻia ma 90-100 gsm me ka ʻole o ka koi ʻana i ka mea paʻi e holo i ʻelua mau waihona pepa like ʻole ma o ka pūlima like. Ke haʻi aku nei au i kaʻu poʻe kūʻai inā wau e aʻo aku nei i kahi mea hoʻopuka e hana ana i kekahi mea me ka ʻoi aku o 60% o ka ʻike kala piha ma kahi waihona i uhi ʻia, e hoʻomaka wau ma kahi 88% brightness satin finish C2S a hoʻoponopono i luna a i lalo paha mai laila ma muli o ka hoʻāʻo paʻi. Ua hoʻopakele kēlā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hoʻokahi i ʻekolu mau mea kūʻai mai ke kauoha ʻana i ka pepa i nānā pono ʻia ma ka puke laʻana akā ua paʻi hewa ʻia ma ka mīkini paʻi.

Kūlana ʻElua: ʻO ka UK Weekly Magazine — Pepa Uhi ʻia ma ka Pūnaewele ma 50,000 Kope a me ka Runnability Tension

He ʻokoʻa ka hana ʻana o ka makasina hebedoma mai ka paʻi puke ʻana, a ke haʻi aku nei au i kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai makasina i kēia ma mua. Hoʻokele ka mea paʻi i ka hana ma kahi mīkini paʻi offset pūnaewele ma 40,000-60,000 kope i kēlā me kēia hola, e pelu ana i loko o ka laina, a pono i ka pepa ke ʻae i ke kaumaha mechanical o ka papa mua, nā wili nip, a me ka pelu ʻana o ka chopper me ka ʻole o ka jamming a me ka haehae ʻana. Ua ʻike au i kahi pepa i nani ke ʻano i loko o ka puke laʻana e kumu ai i ʻekolu haki pūnaewele i kēlā me kēia hoʻololi, a ua nānā au i ka luna o ka lumi paʻi e hōʻole ana iā ia ma kahi me ka nānā ʻole i ka uku hoʻēmi i hāʻawi ʻia. I ka wā i noi mai ai kahi hui paʻi UK iaʻu e ʻōlelo no kā lākou makasina nohona bi-monthly - 104 ʻaoʻao, 50,000 kope i kēlā me kēia puke, paʻi ʻia ka offset pūnaewele heatset ma kahi pepa offset i uhi ʻia he 72 gsm - ʻekolu mau kikoʻī o ka luna kūʻai i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kumukūʻai. ʻO ka mea mua, ka ikaika tensile o ka pepa ma ke kuhikuhi mīkini: no kahi pepa 72 gsm e holo ana ma 45,000 rpm ma kahi Manroland Lithoman, pono wau i kahi MD tensile liʻiliʻi he 45 N·m/g e pale aku i nā haki pūnaewele ma ka papa mua. ʻO ka lua, ʻo ke ʻano like o ka makū ma waena o ka reel: inā ʻokoʻa ka makū ma mua o 0.5% ma ka laulā pūnaewele, e neʻe ka mea kākau inoa ma waena o nā ʻāpana paʻi mua a me ka hope, a ʻo nā kiʻi ʻehā kala ma ka uhi mua o loko e hōʻike i ka mis-register e ʻike ai ka mea heluhelu. ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka Parker Print-Surf (PPS) roughness: no kahi pepa offset i uhi ʻia ma ka pūnaewele heatset, paipai wau i kahi PPS o 1.2–1.6 µm (awelika 10-point). Ma lalo o 1.0 µm lilo ka pepa i laumania loa a lilo ka maloʻo ʻana o ka ʻīnika i hānai ʻia i ka pepa i mea pilikia; ma luna o 2.0 µm e emi ana ka ʻoi o ka hapa nui o ke kiko ma ka pale 150-laina. ʻO kā mākouPapa pepa kiʻi i uhi ʻia me ke kalapona haʻahaʻa C2S, i hana ʻia ma kahi pae mai 72 gsm a 400 gsm, hoʻokō i kēia mau kikoʻī ma o ka tensile kuhikuhi mīkini i kāohi ʻia i ke kaʻina hana pepa. Ua hoʻouna aku au i ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo wili e hōʻike ana i ka awelika MD tensile o 47 N·m/g a me kahi ʻokoʻa kuhikuhi kea ma lalo o 3% - ʻelua i loko o nā ʻae ʻia i kuhikuhi ʻia e ka mea paʻi. ʻO ka holo hana mua o 28 tons i hoʻouna ʻia mai Ningbo a i Felixstowe ma kahi manawa alakaʻi 35 lā, a ua hōʻike ka mea paʻi ʻaʻohe haki pūnaewele ma waena o ka holo paʻi 50,000-kope. ʻO kēlā pae o ka holo ʻana ke ʻano o kaʻu mālama ʻana i nā moʻokāki makasina, a ʻo ia ke kumu e haʻi mau ai au i nā mea kūʻai aku ʻEulopa hou e noi i nā wili hoʻāʻo ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kauoha nui. ʻO kā mākouPapa pepa kiʻi nui C2SHāʻawi ka laulā i kahi lakio paʻakikī-i-ke kaumaha ʻokoʻa e kūpono i nā uhi makasina a me nā hoʻokomo kāleka.

Hanana ʻEkolu: ʻO ka Palapala Hoʻolaha Palani Premium — Ke Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka Papa Uhi i ka Waihona Kikokikona no ka Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka Hoʻopau ʻana

ʻO ke kolu o nā hiʻohiʻona aʻu e hālāwai pinepine ai, ʻo ia ka puke pai kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hōʻike makahiki kahi i paʻi ʻia ai ka uhi a me nā ʻaoʻao kikokikona ma nā substrates like ʻole akā pono e hana i nā hana hoʻopau like - pelu, creasing, nakinaki, a i kekahi manawa foil stamping a i ʻole spot UV coating. Ua hōʻike mai kekahi mīkini paʻi pepa Farani iaʻu i kahi laʻana puke pai kahi i hemo ai ka uhi papa C1S ma ka spine crease ma hope o ka foil stamping, no ka mea, ʻaʻole lawa ke kaumaha o ka uhi ma ka ʻaoʻao hope e lawelawe i ke kaumaha mechanical o ka foil make wela. ʻO ka uhi he papa C1S 350 gsm, a ʻo ka kikokikona he 150 gsm C2S coated offset. ʻAʻole i loko o ka grammage ka mismatch akā i loko o ke ʻano uhi. I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka mīkini paʻi like iaʻu no kahi kikoʻī pani, ua hele au ma waena o nā koi hoʻopau i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu. No ka foil stamping ma ka uhi, ua ʻōlelo wau i kahi papa kiʻi C2S 300 gsm me ka liʻiliʻi he 20 gsm coating ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao - lawa ka uhi paʻa e lawe i ka foil i hoʻopaʻa wela ʻia me ka ʻole o ka delamination. No nā ʻaoʻao kikokikona - 24 ʻaoʻao o ke kiʻi huahana ʻehā kala me ka UV kiko ma nā kiʻi i koho ʻia - ua ʻōlelo aku au i kahi offset i uhi ʻia ʻo 130 gsm C2S me kahi ʻano ʻālohilohi a me ka laumania Bekk o 800-1,200 kekona. Ua wehewehe au e lawe ka ʻano ʻālohilohi ma nā ʻaoʻao kikokikona i ka UV kiko me ka ʻole o ka mottling, a ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana o C2S ʻo ia hoʻi he like ka ikehu ʻili o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua no ka hoʻopili ʻana o UV. Ua kuhikuhi pū wau e pono i nā pepa ʻelua ke kaʻana like i ka kemika pigment uhi like - calcium carbonate i wili ʻia i ka nui o ka ʻāpana like - i hiki ai i ka varnish UV ke hoʻōla i ka ikaika like ma nā substrates ʻelua. Ua hahai au me ka mīkini paʻi ʻekolu pule ma hope o ka lawe ʻana a ua hōʻoia lākou ua holo lākou i 15,000 kope me ka ʻole o nā hōʻole hoʻopau. Ua hele pololei kēlā manaʻo i loko o kaʻu mau memo ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka mea hoʻolako no nā mea kūʻai Farani a me Belgian e hiki mai ana. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona kahi aʻu i ʻike ai e mahalo ana nā mīkini paʻi ʻEulopa i kahi mea hoʻolako e hoʻomaopopo i nā palena hoʻopau, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​​​kikoʻī pepa. ʻO kā mākoupapa hana kiʻi kūikawāʻO ka laulā e komo pū ana me nā koho C1S a me C2S me nā kaumaha uhi i kāohi ʻia, a hāʻawi wau i ka ʻikepili kaumaha uhi i kēlā me kēia ʻōlelo i hiki i nā mea paʻi ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike ma mua o ke kauoha ʻana. No nā mea hoʻopuka e ʻimi nei i nā koho pepa like ʻole no kā lākou waihona paʻi, ʻo kā mākouʻāpana pepa offset a me ka pepa kopeuhi i nā koho ʻē aʻe i uhi ʻole ʻia no nā ʻāpana kaumaha i nā kikokikona kahi e hoʻohui ai ka mea i uhi ʻia i ke kumukūʻai pono ʻole no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana.

No ke aha i lawe ʻia ai nā Hale Hoʻopuka ʻEulopa mai Kina mai

Lohe pinepine au i ka nīnau mai nā mea kūʻai mai ʻEulopa: no ke aha e lawe mai ai i ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia mai Ningbo i ka wā e hana ai nā hale wili pepa ma Finland, Kelemānia, a me Suedena i nā papa i uhi ʻia i ka honua? ʻEkolu ʻāpana o ka pane, a hāʻawi wau i ka wehewehe like i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka pono o ke kumukūʻai: he 90 gsm C2S offset i uhi ʻia mai kahi hale wili Kina, i hāʻawi ʻia ʻo DDP i kahi mea paʻi ma Leipzig a i ʻole Milan, e hele mai ana ma 15-25% ma lalo o ka papa wili ʻEulopa like, e like me nā helu kumukūʻai pae aʻu e hāʻawi ai me kēlā me kēia ʻōlelo. Hoʻohui ka ukana moana mai Ningbo a i Hamburg ma kahi o €80-120 no ka tonne, a ʻo ke dute lawe mai EU ma lalo o ke code HS 4810.29 he 6.5% ad valorem. Hana nā hale wili Kina i nā holo lōʻihi loa - 50-100 tonne no kēlā me kēia kauoha ka mea maʻamau - e mālama ana i ke kumukūʻai hana no ka tonne haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā hale wili ʻEulopa e holo ana i 10-20 tonne lots no ka papa like. Ua ʻike au i nā mea kūʻai paʻi ʻEulopa e hoʻololi mai kahi pepa wili Kelemania i kā mākou papa like a mālama i ka €80 no ka tonne ma ka pepa wale nō, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka makasina mahina e holo ana i 100 tonne i kēlā me kēia makahiki e unuhi ʻia i ka mālama makahiki o €8,000 - lawa ia e kālā i kahi hoʻonui paʻi i loko o ʻelua mau makahiki. ʻO ka lua, ka laulā kikoʻī. Hoʻokele nā ​​​​mea hana pepa Kina i ka offset i uhi ʻia mai 60 gsm a hiki i 400 gsm ma ka laina huahana like, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano reel a me ka pepa. No kahi mea hoʻopuka e hoʻokele ana i kahi waihona paʻi e komo pū ana me kahi makasina nui 64-ʻaoʻao (72 gsm coated offset, reel-fed) a me kahi hōʻike makahiki A4 240-ʻaoʻao (150 gsm coated offset, sheet-fed a me kahi uhi papa 300 gsm), ʻo kahi mea hoʻolako hoʻokahi e uhi ana i ka laulā grammage holoʻokoʻa e hōʻemi ana i ka paʻakikī o ke kūʻai ʻana mai ka hoʻokele ʻana i ʻelima mau mea hoʻolako i hoʻokahi. ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka logistics mai Ningbo. Ua ʻōlelo pinepine au ʻo ko mākou wahi - 40 kilomita mai ke awa hohonu o Ningbo Beilun - ʻo ia ka pono hana koʻikoʻi loa a Bincheng e hāʻawi ai i nā mea kūʻai ʻEulopa. ʻO Beilun ke awa paʻahana loa o ka honua ma o nā tona ukana, me nā holo ʻana i kēlā me kēia pule i Hamburg, Rotterdam, Antwerp, a me Felixstowe. Hiki i kahi pahu pepa offset i uhi ʻia i hoʻouka ʻia ma kā mākou hale kūʻai i ka Pōʻakahi ke kau ʻia ma luna o kahi moku i ka Pōʻalima a hōʻea i kahi awa ʻEulopa i loko o 28-32 mau lā. No kahi mea hoʻopuka UK a Kelemania paha e hana ana i kahi lā paʻi paʻa, ʻoi aku ka waiwai o kēia wānana transit ma mua o ka hoʻēmi ʻana no kēlā me kēia tona o kekahi mau kālā.

Ke Kaula Maʻamau: Ka Hana Paʻi Ma mua o ke Kumukūʻai

Ma nā hiʻohiʻona ʻekolu a pau - ka puke kiʻi, ka makasina hebedoma, a me ka puke pai kiʻekiʻe - ua like ke ʻano aʻu i ʻike ai: hana nā hale paʻi ʻEulopa i kā lākou koho pepa offset i uhi ʻia ma nā koi hana paʻi, a laila kūkākūkā i ke kumukūʻai i loko o ka waihona mea hoʻolako kūpono. ʻO ka pepa i hala i ka hoʻāʻo paʻi ma 90% o ke kumukūʻai wili ʻEulopa he kūʻai maikaʻi aʻe ma mua o ka pepa i hala ma 70% akā ke kumu o ka lohi makeready. E like me kaʻO ke kūlana paʻi gravure a me ka offset ISO 12647-2hana i nā waiwai o ka ʻili pepa maopopo a kūlike - ka ʻōlinolino, ka opacity, ka ʻōlinolino, a me ka laumania - nā mea mua no ka hana hou ʻana o ke kala i hoʻoponopono ʻia, a ʻo ka mea hoʻolako ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i kēia mau kikoʻī i nā ʻae ʻana o ISO ʻaʻole ia e pili i ke kamaʻilio ʻana no ke kumu kūʻai me ka nānā ʻole i ke kumukūʻai. ʻO kā mākou mea kūʻai hou, ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻumi makahiki o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā mea paʻi ʻEulopa, ʻo lākou ka poʻe i hoʻāʻo i kā mākou pepa ma kā lākou mau mīkini paʻi ponoʻī, hōʻoia i ka holo ʻana, a laila kūkulu i ke kūkākūkā kumukūʻai ma luna o kahi kūpono loea i hōʻoia ʻia. Inā ʻo kāu hale paʻi a i ʻole ka hui hana paʻi e loiloi ana i ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia no kahi makasina, puke, a i ʻole ka holo papa inoa e hiki mai ana, ke hoʻokipa nei au iā ʻoe.e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i kā mākou hui hoʻokuʻu akuno nā ʻōlelo i kūlike i nā kikoʻī a me nā ʻōwili laʻana. No nā mea hou loa e pili ana i kā mākou huahana a me nā ʻike ʻoihana, e kipa i kā mākouʻaoʻao nūhou ʻoihana.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia

He aha ka pae grammage o ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia e kauoha pinepine ʻia e nā hale paʻi ʻEulopa?

ʻO nā kalama maʻamau no nā kauoha paʻi ʻEulopa he 72–90 gsm no ke kikokikona makasina (web offset), 90–130 gsm no ke kikokikona puke (sheet-fed offset), a me 250–350 gsm no nā uhi a me nā mea hoʻokomo (C1S a i ʻole C2S papa kiʻi). Hāʻawi ʻo Bincheng i ka laulā piha mai 60 gsm a 400 gsm.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pepa i uhi ʻia ʻo C1S a me C2S no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻi ʻana?

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo C1S (ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi i uhi ʻia) no nā uhi puke, ka hoʻopili ʻana, a me nā noi kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha ka ʻaoʻao hope. ʻO C2S (ʻaoʻao ʻelua i uhi ʻia) ke kūlana maʻamau no nā kikokikona makasina, nā ʻaoʻao puke liʻiliʻi, a me nā loko puke kahi e lawe ai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i nā mea i paʻi ʻia a pono e hōʻike i ka ʻōlinolino ʻīnika like.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai nā mīkini paʻi ʻEulopa i ka maikaʻi o ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia ma mua o ke kauoha ʻana?

Noi ka hapa nui o nā mea paʻi ʻEulopa i kahi ʻōwili hoʻāʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​palapala laʻana a holo iā lākou ma kā lākou mīkini paʻi ponoʻī e hōʻoia i ka ikaika tensile, ka ʻano makū, ka laumania o ka ʻili (PPS a i ʻole Bekk), a me nā ʻano maloʻo ʻīnika. Paipai wau i nā kauoha hoʻāʻo o 500-1,000 mau pepa a i ʻole kahi ʻōwili hapa ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka nui.

He aha ka manawa alakaʻi maʻamau no ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia i hoʻouna ʻia mai Kina a i ʻEulopa?

ʻO ka manawa alakaʻi hana he 10-15 mau lā hana ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ke kauoha, ʻo ka ukana moana mai Ningbo a i kahi awa ʻEulopa (Hamburg, Rotterdam, Felixstowe) he 28-35 mau lā, a ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana mai kēlā puka a i kēia puka ma lalo o nā ʻōlelo DDP mai 6 a 9 mau pule ma muli o ka wahi i hele ʻia.

He kūpono anei ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia i hana ʻia e Kina no ka hoʻokele kala ISO 12647?

ʻAe. Hana ʻia ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia mai kā mākou laina hana e like me nā kūlana paʻi ISO 12647-2, me ka ʻālohilohi i kāohi ʻia (ISO 88–92%), opacity (93–96% no 90 gsm), a me nā kikoʻī maʻemaʻe o ka ʻili e kūlike me nā koi hoʻoponopono paʻi ʻEulopa.

Ke hāʻawi nei ʻo Bincheng i ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia i loko o nā wili a me nā pepa?

ʻAe. Hāʻawi mākou i ka pepa offset i uhi ʻia ma ke ʻano reel no ka paʻi offset pūnaewele (ka laulā o ka ʻōwili mai 787 mm a i 1,092 mm) a ma ke ʻano pepa no ka offset hānai pepa (ʻo nā nui maʻamau e komo pū me 70 × 100 cm, 64 × 90 cm, a me ka ʻoki maʻamau i ka nui). Loaʻa nā ʻōwili pepa no nā mea hoʻololi e hoʻopili ana i kā lākou waihona ponoʻī.