Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito yotumiza mapepala kunja kwa dziko kwa zaka khumi ndi zinayi, ndipo funso lomwe ndimamva nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku magulu ogulitsa mabuku ku Europe si lakuti “mtengo wanu ndi wotani?” Ndi lakuti “kodi mapepala anu angayende pa Heidelbergs yathu popanda ngozi yokonzekera?” Makampani ofalitsa mabuku ku Europe sagula mapepala monga momwe amalonda amagulira zinthu. Amagula kudzera mu lens yopanga mapepala - pepalalo liyenera kukhalabe ndi makina osindikizira a 60,000-rpm osang'ambika, kenako limakhala pansi pa mbale za 400-line-screen pa sheet-feed perfector kuti likhale ndi chivundikiro cha makina osindikizira omwewo. Ndimagwira ntchito ku Ningbo Bincheng Packaging Materials Co., Ltd., ndipo kwa zaka zambiri ndatumiza zinthu zapadera.zinthu zopakidwa mapepala osindikizidwa mu magiredi osindikizira ndi ofalitsakwa osindikiza ku Germany, UK, France, ndi Netherlands. Zosankha zomwe osindikizawo amapanga zimatsatira mfundo yeniyeni ya ntchito iliyonse. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zochitika zitatu zenizeni zopanga zomwe ndakambirana ndekha ndi ogula osindikiza aku Europe, chilichonse chikuwonetsa njira yosiyana yosankhira mapepala kudzera mu gulu la offset lophimbidwa.

Chitsanzo Choyamba: Buku la Zaluso la Chijeremani Lokhala ndi Zikuto Zolimba — Chifukwa Chake Offset Yophimbidwa Idapambana Natural Offset pa Mpikisano wa Masamba 320 wa Four-Colour Plus Duotone

Chaka chatha, wogula mabuku ochokera ku kampani yosindikiza mabuku ya ku Germany yapakatikati anandiimbira foni kufunafuna pepala la zojambula za masamba 320. Bukuli linali ndi masamba 200 a mapepala amitundu inayi - zojambula kuchokera ku gulu lachinsinsi - kuphatikiza masamba 80 a zithunzi za duotone zomwe zinasindikizidwa pamtengo womwewo. Masamba otsalawo anali kutsogolo ndi mawu ofotokozera mtundu umodzi. Chosindikiziracho chinali chitasankha pepala la 90 gsm ndipo wofalitsayo ankafuna malo okutidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito utoto koma mawonekedwe achilengedwe, osaphimbidwa a magawo a zolemba. Uku ndi kusamvana komwe ndimakuwona nthawi zambiri: pepala lomwelo liyenera kukhala ndi mtundu wapamwamba komanso mawu owerengeka pa siginecha yomweyo. Chosankha chachikhalidwe chingakhale pepala lachilengedwe la 90 gsm - muyezo wamakampani osindikizira mabuku ku Europe. Koma pepala lachilengedwe la offset, lomwe lili ndi porosity yayikulu komanso inki yotsika, likanafuna kuti mapepala a duotone asinthidwe kuti apeze madontho a 18–22%, ndipo mapepala amitundu inayi akanataya tsatanetsatane wa mthunzi womwe mkulu wopanga mabuku amafuna makamaka. Njira ina inali yophimba ndi 90 gsm yokhala ndi satin finish ndi ISO kuwala kwa 88–90%. Pamwamba pake pophimbidwa ndi inki imasunga pamwamba pa pepalalo m'malo molola kuti ilowe mu ulusi, kotero kuchuluka kwa madontho pa ma duotones kunatsika kufika pa 12–15%, ndipo tsatanetsatane wa mthunzi m'mapepala amitundu inayi unakhalabe wofanana mumtundu wonse wa tonal. Ndinatchulanso yophimba ndi satin finish pafupifupi 12% pa tani kuposa njira yachilengedwe yophimba. Wofalitsa adavomereza - osati chifukwa bajeti inali yopanda malire, koma chifukwa chakuti mapepalawo anali owonjezera mwachindunji pamitengo yogulitsira ya bukuli. Buku la zaluso la €65 limatha kunyamula kukwera kwa mtengo wa pepala komwe buku la €25 silingathe. Ndimatchula izi nthawi zambiri ndikalankhula ndi ogula aku Europe za zathumapepala opangidwa ndi utoto wapadera, chifukwa phunziroli limapitirira mabuku a zaluso. Buku lililonse lomwe limaphatikiza mitundu yowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi kuwerenga kwakutali - makatalogu a gallery, ma monograph a mapangidwe, zolemba zapachaka za zithunzi - limakumana ndi mkangano womwewo wa pepala. Chophimba chopanda utoto pa 90–100 gsm chimathetsa vutoli popanda kukakamiza chosindikizira kuti chigwiritse ntchito mapepala awiri osiyana kudzera mu siginecha yomweyo. Ndimauza ogula anga kuti ngati ndikulangiza wofalitsa kupanga chilichonse chokhala ndi mitundu yoposa 60% pa pepala lophimbidwa, ndimayamba ndi 88% yowala ya satin finish C2S ndikusintha mmwamba kapena pansi kuchokera pamenepo kutengera kuyesa kwa atolankhani. Malangizo amodzi amenewo apulumutsa ogula osachepera atatu kuti asagule mapepala omwe amawoneka bwino m'buku lachitsanzo koma osindikizidwa molakwika papepala losindikizidwa.

Chitsanzo Chachiwiri: Magazini ya UK Weekly — Pepala Lokhala ndi Mapepala Okhala ndi Mapepala Okwana 50,000 ndi Kuthamanga kwa Kuthamanga

Kupanga magazini sabata iliyonse ndi dziko losiyana ndi kufalitsa mabuku, ndipo ndimauza wogula magazini aliyense izi pasadakhale. Chosindikizira chimagwira ntchito pa makina osindikizira a pa intaneti pa makope 40,000–60,000 pa ola limodzi, chikupindika, ndipo pepalalo liyenera kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina a bolodi lakale, ma nip rollers, ndi chopper fold popanda kusweka kapena kung'ambika. Ndawona pepala lomwe limawoneka lokongola m'buku lachitsanzo limayambitsa ma web breaks atatu pa shift iliyonse, ndipo ndinawona woyang'anira chipinda chosindikizira akukana nthawi yomweyo mosasamala kanthu za kuchotsera kwa mtengo komwe kuperekedwa. Pamene gulu lofalitsa mabuku ku UK linandipempha kuti nditchule magazini yawo ya moyo wa miyezi iwiri - masamba 104, makope 50,000 pa kope lililonse, kusindikizidwa kwa heatset web offset pa pepala la offset la 72 gsm lophimbidwa - woyang'anira zogula anali ndi mfundo zitatu zofunika kwambiri kuposa mtengo. Choyamba, mphamvu ya pepalalo yogwira ntchito molunjika ku makina: pa pepala la 72 gsm lomwe likuyenda pa 45,000 rpm pa Manroland Lithoman, ndimafunika mphamvu ya MD yocheperako ya 45 N·m/g kuti ndipewe kusweka kwa ukonde pa bolodi lakale. Chachiwiri, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumafanana pa reel: ngati chinyezi chimasintha ndi kupitirira 0.5% m'lifupi mwa ukonde, register idzasuntha pakati pa magawo oyamba ndi omaliza osindikizira, ndipo zithunzi zamitundu inayi zomwe zili mkati mwa chikuto chakutsogolo zingasonyeze kulembetsa molakwika komwe owerenga angazindikire. Chachitatu, kukhwima kwa Parker Print-Surf (PPS): pa pepala lokhala ndi zokutira pa intaneti yotenthetsera, ndikupangira PPS ya 1.2–1.6 µm (average ya 10-point). Pansi pa 1.0 µm pepalalo limakhala losalala kwambiri ndipo kuuma kwa inki yoperekedwa ndi pepala kumakhala kovuta; pamwamba pa 2.0 µm, kuthwa kwa madontho a halftone kumachepa kwambiri pazenera la 150-line.Bolodi la zojambula la C2S lokhala ndi mpweya wochepa, yopangidwa kuyambira 72 gsm mpaka 400 gsm, imakwaniritsa zofunikira izi kudzera mu makina olamulidwa ndi makina popanga mapepala. Ndinatumiza lipoti loyesa la mphero lomwe likuwonetsa kuti MD tensile yapakati pa 47 N·m/g ndi kusiyana kwa cross-direction kosakwana 3% - zonse ziwiri mkati mwa zolekerera zomwe zafotokozedwa ndi chosindikizira. Kuthamanga koyamba kwa matani 28 komwe kunatumizidwa kuchokera ku Ningbo kupita ku Felixstowe pa nthawi yotsogolera ya masiku 35, ndipo chosindikiziracho chinanena kuti palibe kusweka kwa intaneti pa nthawi yosindikiza ya makope 50,000. Kuthamanga kumeneko ndi momwe ndimasungira maakaunti a magazini, ndipo ndichifukwa chake nthawi zonse ndimauza ogula atsopano aku Europe kuti apemphe ma reel oyesera asanapereke maoda a voliyumu.Bolodi la C2S lopangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zalusoRange imapereka chiŵerengero chosiyana cha kuuma ndi kulemera chomwe chimagwirizana ndi zikuto za magazini ndi makadi.

Chitsanzo Chachitatu: Kabuku ka French Premium — Kufananiza Chivundikiro cha Bolodi ndi Zolemba kuti Zigwirizane

Chochitika chachitatu chomwe ndimakumana nacho nthawi zambiri ndi kabuku kapamwamba kapena lipoti la pachaka komwe chivundikiro ndi masamba amasindikizidwa pazigawo zosiyanasiyana koma ayenera kuchita ntchito zomwezo zomaliza - kupindika, kusweka, kumangirira, ndipo nthawi zina kupondaponda kapena kupondaponda UV. Chosindikizira chapamwamba cha ku France chinandiwonetsa chitsanzo cha kabuku komwe chivundikiro cha bolodi la C1S chinali chitadulidwa pa msana pambuyo popondaponda, chifukwa kulemera kwa chophimba kumbuyo sikunali kokwanira kuthana ndi kupsinjika kwa makina a die yotenthedwa ya foil. Chivundikirocho chinali bolodi la 350 gsm C1S, ndipo mawuwo anali offset yophimbidwa ndi 150 gsm C2S. Kusagwirizana sikunali mu grammage koma mu kapangidwe kake kophikira. Pamene chosindikizira chomwecho chinabwera kwa ine kuti chindipatse zina, ndinadutsa zofunikira zomaliza pang'onopang'ono. Pakupondaponda pa foil pachivundikirocho, ndinalimbikitsa bolodi la zaluso la 300 gsm C2S lokhala ndi zokutira zosachepera 20 gsm mbali iliyonse - kupondaponda kokwanira kunyamula foil yotenthedwa popanda kuchotsedwa. Pa masamba olembedwa — masamba 24 a zithunzi zamitundu inayi za zinthu kuphatikizapo UV yobisika pazithunzi zosankhidwa — ndinalimbikitsa 130 gsm C2S yokutidwa ndi kumalizidwa kowala komanso kusalala kwa Bekk kwa masekondi 800–1,200. Ndinafotokoza kuti kumalizidwa kowala pamasamba olembedwako kunyamula UV yobisika popanda madontho, ndipo kapangidwe ka C2S kanatanthauza kuti mbali zonse ziwiri zinali ndi mphamvu yofanana ya pamwamba pa UV. Ndinanenanso kuti mapepala onsewa ayenera kugawana utoto wofanana — calcium carbonate yophwanyidwa ndi kugawa kwa tinthu tofanana — kuti varnish ya UV ichire mwamphamvu mofanana pazigawo zonse ziwiri. Ndinatsatira chosindikizira milungu itatu pambuyo potumiza ndipo adatsimikiza kuti anali ndi makope 15,000 popanda kukana kumaliza. Ndemanga imeneyo inapita mwachindunji m'makalata anga opereka chithandizo kwa ogula aku France ndi Belgium amtsogolo. Izi ndi zomwe ndimapeza kuti osindikiza aku Europe amayamikira wogulitsa yemwe amamvetsetsa zoletsa zomaliza, osati zolemba za pepala zokha.bolodi la zaluso zapaderaZosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizapo zosankha za C1S ndi C2S zokhala ndi zolemera zowongolera zokutira, ndipo ndimapereka deta ya kulemera kwa zokutira mu mtengo uliwonse kuti osindikiza athe kutsimikizira kuti zikugwirizana ndi kumaliza asanayitanitse. Kwa ofalitsa omwe akuyang'ana njira zosiyanasiyana zamapepala pazosindikiza zawo, tsamba lathu lagulu la mapepala ochotsera ndi mapepala okoperaimaphimba njira zina zosaphimbidwa m'magawo olemera kwambiri pomwe zinthu zophimbidwa zingawonjezere ndalama zosafunikira pa unit iliyonse.

Chifukwa Chake Nyumba Zofalitsa za ku Ulaya Zimachokera ku China

Ndimamva funso nthawi zambiri kuchokera kwa ogula aku Europe: nchifukwa chiyani timaitanitsa mapepala okhala ndi zokutira kuchokera ku Ningbo pomwe mafakitale opanga mapepala ku Finland, Germany, ndi Sweden amapanga magiredi opangidwa ndi zokutira apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi? Yankho lili ndi magawo atatu, ndipo ndimapereka kufotokozera komweko nthawi zonse. Choyamba, phindu la mtengo: 90 gsm C2S yokutidwa ndi mphero kuchokera ku mphero yaku China, yoperekedwa ku DDP ku chosindikizira ku Leipzig kapena Milan, imabwera ndi 15-25% pansi pa kalasi yofanana ya mphero yaku Europe, malinga ndi kuwerengera mtengo komwe ndimapereka ndi mtengo uliwonse. Katundu wa panyanja kuchokera ku Ningbo kupita ku Hamburg amawonjezera pafupifupi €80-120 pa tani, ndipo msonkho wa EU wolowera pansi pa HS code 4810.29 ndi 6.5% ad valorem. Makampani opanga ku China amapanga nthawi yayitali kwambiri - matani 50-100 pa oda ndi muyezo - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wopanga pa tani ukhale wotsika kuposa makampani opanga aku Europe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matani 10-20 pa kalasi yomweyo. Ndaona ogula mabuku osindikizira aku Europe akusintha kuchoka pa pepala la ku Germany kupita ku giredi yofanana ndi yathu ndikusunga €80 pa tani pa pepala lokha, zomwe pa magazini ya mwezi uliwonse yolemera matani 100 pachaka zikutanthauza kuti ndalama zosungira pachaka za €8,000 - zokwanira kukweza makina osindikizira mkati mwa zaka ziwiri. Chachiwiri, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa. Opanga mapepala aku China amagwiritsa ntchito coated offset kuyambira 60 gsm mpaka 400 gsm mu mzere womwewo wazinthu, zomwe zimapereka mawonekedwe a reel ndi sheet. Kwa wofalitsa yemwe akuyang'anira portfolio yosindikiza yomwe ili ndi magazini ya masamba 64 (72 gsm coated offset, reel-fed) ndi lipoti la pachaka la masamba 240 la A4 (150 gsm coated offset, sheet-fed kuphatikiza 300 gsm board cover), wogulitsa mmodzi yemwe amaphimba mitundu yonse ya grammage amachepetsa zovuta zogulira kuyambira kuyang'anira ogulitsa asanu kupita ku m'modzi. Chachitatu, njira zoyendetsera zinthu kuchokera ku Ningbo. Ndanena kangapo kuti malo athu - makilomita 40 kuchokera ku doko la Ningbo Beilun - ndiye mwayi wofunikira kwambiri womwe Bincheng imapereka kwa ogula aku Europe. Beilun ndi doko lotanganidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lonyamula katundu wambiri, ndipo maulendo a sabata iliyonse amapita ku Hamburg, Rotterdam, Antwerp, ndi Felixstowe. Chidebe cha mapepala ophimbidwa omwe amadzazidwa ku nyumba yathu yosungiramo katundu Lolemba chingathe kufika pa sitima pofika Lachisanu ndikufika pa doko la ku Ulaya mkati mwa masiku 28-32. Kwa wofalitsa wa ku UK kapena ku Germany amene akugwira ntchito mpaka tsiku losindikizidwa, kudziwiratu kwa ulendowu n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa kuchotsera pa tani imodzi ya madola ochepa.

Ulusi Wofala: Kugwira Ntchito Kosindikiza Mtengo Usanathe

Muzochitika zonse zitatu — buku la zaluso, magazini ya sabata iliyonse, ndi kabuku kapamwamba — njira yomwe ndayiwona ndi yofanana: Makampani ofalitsa mabuku aku Europe amapanga mapepala awo okhala ndi zokutira malinga ndi zofunikira pakusindikiza, kenako amakambirana mtengo mkati mwa gulu loyenerera la ogulitsa. Pepala lomwe limapambana mayeso osindikiza pa 90% ya mtengo wa mphero ku Europe ndi logula bwino kuposa pepala lomwe limapambana pa 70% koma limayambitsa kuchedwa kokonzekera. Monga momwe zilili ndiMuyezo wa ISO 12647-2 gravure ndi offset printingimapanga mawonekedwe omveka bwino komanso ogwirizana a pamwamba pa pepala — kuwala, kuonekera bwino, kunyezimira, ndi kusalala — ndizofunikira kuti mtundu ukhale wofanana, ndipo wogulitsa amene sangathe kulemba izi ku ISO tolerances sali woyenera kukambirana za kupeza zinthu mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wake. Makasitomala athu obwerezabwereza, kwa zaka zoposa khumi akugwira ntchito yosindikiza ku Europe, ndi omwe adayesa pepala lathu pamakina awo osindikizira, adatsimikizira kuti limatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kenako adamanga kukambirana kwamitengo pamwamba pa ukadaulo wotsimikizika. Ngati kampani yanu yofalitsa kapena gulu lanu lopanga zosindikiza likuwunikira pepala lapadera lokutidwa ndi pepala la magazini, mabuku, kapena katalogi yomwe ikubwera, ndikukulandirani kuti mubwere.Lumikizanani ndi gulu lathu lotumiza kunjaKuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza mitengo ndi zitsanzo za ma reel. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zaposachedwa za malonda athu komanso mfundo zamakampani athu, pitani ku tsamba lathu latsamba la nkhani za kampani.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya mapepala okhala ndi zokutira omwe makampani ofalitsa mabuku aku Europe nthawi zambiri amagula?

Ma grammage odziwika kwambiri a maoda ofalitsa mabuku ku Europe ndi 72–90 gsm pa zolemba za magazini (web offset), 90–130 gsm pa zolemba za mabuku (sheet-fed offset), ndi 250–350 gsm pa zophimba ndi zoikamo (C1S kapena C2S art board). Bincheng imapereka mitundu yonse kuyambira 60 gsm mpaka 400 gsm.

Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa pepala lokutidwa ndi C1S ndi C2S pofalitsa mabuku?

C1S (mbali imodzi yokutidwa) imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zivundikiro za mabuku, kulongedza, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito komwe mbali yakumbuyo idzamatidwa kapena kupakidwa laminated. C2S (mbali ziwiri yokutidwa) ndiye muyezo wa zolemba za magazini, masamba a mabulosha, ndi mkati mwa mabuku komwe mbali zonse ziwiri zimakhala ndi zosindikizidwa ndipo ziyenera kuwonetsa inki yowala yomweyi.

Kodi osindikiza aku Europe amatsimikiza bwanji mtundu wa pepala lokhala ndi zokutira asanayitanitse?

Makina ambiri osindikizira aku Europe amapempha chosindikizira choyesera kapena mapepala oyesera ndipo amawagwiritsa ntchito pa makina awoawo kuti atsimikizire mphamvu yokoka, mawonekedwe a chinyezi, kusalala kwa pamwamba (PPS kapena Bekk), ndi mawonekedwe owumitsa inki. Ndikupangira maoda oyesera a mapepala 500–1,000 kapena chosindikizira chochepa musanagwiritse ntchito voliyumu.

Kodi nthawi yodziwika bwino yotumizira mapepala opangidwa ndi nsalu kuchokera ku China kupita ku Europe ndi nthawi yotani?

Nthawi yotsogolera kupanga ndi masiku 10-15 ogwira ntchito pambuyo potsimikizira oda, katundu wa panyanja kuchokera ku Ningbo kupita ku doko la ku Europe (Hamburg, Rotterdam, Felixstowe) amatenga masiku 28-35, ndipo kutumiza konse khomo ndi khomo motsatira malamulo a DDP kumayambira masabata 6 mpaka 9 kutengera komwe akupita.

Kodi pepala lopangidwa ndi zokutira lopangidwa ku China ndiloyenera kusamalidwa ndi mtundu wa ISO 12647?

Inde. Pepala lopangidwa ndi zokutira kuchokera ku mizere yathu yopangira limapangidwa motsatira miyezo yosindikizira ya ISO 12647-2, yokhala ndi kuwala kolamulidwa (ISO 88–92%), kutseguka (93–96% ya 90 gsm), ndi mawonekedwe osalala pamwamba omwe akugwirizana ndi zofunikira pakuwerengera makina aku Europe.

Kodi Bincheng amapereka mapepala ophimbidwa ndi zokutira ndi mapepala?

Inde. Timapereka mapepala okhala ndi zokutira mu mawonekedwe a reel kuti tisindikize pa intaneti (m'lifupi mwa mipukutu kuyambira 787 mm mpaka 1,092 mm) komanso mu mawonekedwe a sheet kuti tigwiritse ntchito sheet-fed offset (kukula koyenera kumaphatikizapo 70 × 100 cm, 64 × 90 cm, ndi kudula mwamakonda). Ma sheet reel amapezeka kwa otembenuza omwe amalemba okha.